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Ana amfani da iskar gas mai yawa na masana'antu irin su oxygen, nitrogen da argon a cikin aikin narkewar ƙarfe da masana'antar ƙarfe.Ana amfani da iskar oxygen a cikin tanderun fashewa, raguwar narkewar tanderu, mai canzawa, narke wutar lantarki;Nitrogen ne yafi amfani da tanderu sealing, m gas, steelmaking da refining, slag splashing a Converter don kare makera, tsaro gas, zafi canja wurin matsakaici da tsarin tsarkakewa, da dai sauransu Argon gas ne yafi amfani a steelmaking da refining.Don saduwa da buƙatun samarwa da tabbatar da aminci da kwanciyar hankali na samarwa, manyan masana'antun ƙarfe suna sanye take da tashar iskar oxygen ta musamman da iskar oxygen, nitrogen da argon tsarin cibiyar sadarwa na bututu.

Manyan-sikelin cikakken tsari karfe Enterprises a halin yanzu sanye take da na al'ada matakai: coke tanda, sintering, tsãwa makera steelmaking, Converter lantarki makera steelmaking, mirgina tsari, da dai sauransu Saboda girmamawa a kan muhalli kariya da kuma simplification na tsari kwarara, da kasa da kasa da baƙin ƙarfe. kuma masana'antar karafa ta ɓullo da ɗan gajeren tsari kafin ƙarfe a zamanin yau - rage narkewar ƙarfe, wanda kai tsaye yana rage ɗanyen baƙin ƙarfe zuwa narkakkar ƙarfe a cikin tanderun da ke narkewa.

Akwai babban bambanci a cikin iskar gas ɗin masana'antu da ake buƙata ta hanyar hanyoyin narkewa daban-daban guda biyu.Iskar oxygen da ake buƙata ta wutar lantarki ta al'ada tana ɗaukar kashi 28% na yawan iskar oxygen da masana'antar ƙarfe ke buƙata, kuma iskar oxygen ɗin da ake buƙata ta samar da ƙarfe shine kashi 40% na jimlar iskar iskar gas na shukar ƙarfe.Duk da haka, tsarin smelt-reduction (COREX) yana buƙatar 78% na adadin iskar oxygen da ake bukata don samar da ƙarfe da 13% na adadin iskar oxygen da ake bukata don yin karfe.

Hanyoyi biyun da ke sama, musamman aikin rage narkewar ƙarfe, sun shahara a kasar Sin.

Abubuwan buƙatun iskar gas:

Babban aikin samar da iskar oxygen a cikin fashewar tanderun wutar lantarki shine tabbatar da wani yanayi mai zafi a cikin tanderun, maimakon shiga kai tsaye a cikin abin da ke narkewa.Oxygen yana haɗe cikin tanderun fashewa kuma yana gauraye shi azaman iskar da ke da iskar oxygen zuwa tanderun fashewa.Ingantacciyar wadatar iskar iskar iskar da ake samarwa a cikin tsarin da ya gabata gabaɗaya yana ƙasa da 3%.Tare da ingantaccen tsarin wutar lantarki, don adana coke, bayan yin amfani da manyan alluran kwal, da kuma biyan buƙatun samar da wutar lantarki don haɓaka fitarwa, ƙimar haɓakar iskar oxygen na iska mai fashewa yana ƙaruwa zuwa 5. ∽6%, kuma amfani guda ɗaya na iskar oxygen ya kai 60Nm3/T baƙin ƙarfe.

Domin cakuda iskar iskar iskar iskar iskar iskar iskar iskar iskar iskar oxygen na iya zama ƙasa da ƙasa.

Oxygen a cikin tsarin rage narkewar ƙarfe yana buƙatar shiga cikin aikin narkewar, kuma yawan iskar oxygen yana daidai da samar da ƙarfe.Amfanin iskar oxygen a cikin tanderun rage narkewa shine 528Nm3/t baƙin ƙarfe, wanda shine sau 10 na yawan iskar oxygen a cikin tsarin fashewar tanderun.Matsakaicin iskar oxygen da ake buƙata don kula da samarwa a cikin tanderun rage narkewa shine 42% na adadin samarwa na yau da kullun.

Tsabtataccen iskar oxygen da ake buƙata ta hanyar tanderun rage narkewa ya fi 95%, matsa lamba oxygen shine 0.8∽ 1.0MPa, ana sarrafa kewayon jujjuyawar matsa lamba a 0.8MPa ± 5%, kuma dole ne a tabbatar da iskar oxygen don samun takamaiman adadin ci gaba. wadata na wani lokaci.Alal misali, domin Corex-3000 tanderu, shi wajibi ne don la'akari da ruwa oxygen ajiya na 550T.

Tsarin ƙera ƙarfe ya bambanta da tanderun fashewa da hanyar narkewar tanderun narke.Oxygen da ake amfani da shi wajen yin gyare-gyaren ƙarfe yana da ɗan lokaci, kuma ana ɗorawa oxygen lokacin busa iskar oxygen, kuma iskar oxygen yana shiga cikin aikin narkewa.Akwai dangantaka mai daidaitawa kai tsaye tsakanin adadin iskar oxygen da ake buƙata da kayan aikin ƙarfe.

Domin inganta rayuwar mai canzawa, fasahar splashing nitrogen slag ana amfani da ita gabaɗaya a cikin injinan ƙarfe a halin yanzu.Nitrogen yana cikin amfani na ɗan lokaci, kuma nauyin yana da girma yayin amfani, kuma matsi na nitrogen da ake buƙata ya fi 1.4MPa.

Ana buƙatar Argon don yin ƙarfe da tacewa.Tare da inganta nau'in karfe, abubuwan da ake buƙata don tsaftacewa sun fi girma, kuma adadin argon da ake amfani da shi yana karuwa a hankali.

Ana buƙatar amfani da nitrogen na injin birgima mai sanyi don isa 50∽67Nm3/t kowace raka'a.Tare da ƙari na injin mirgina sanyi a cikin yanki mai jujjuya ƙarfe, yawan amfani da nitrogen na injin karfe yana ƙaruwa da sauri.

Electric tanderu karfe-yin, yafi amfani da baka zafi, da kuma yawan zafin jiki a cikin baka mataki yankin ne kamar yadda high as 4000 ℃.Rushewa tsari ne kullum raba zuwa narkewa lokaci, hadawan abu da iskar shaka lokaci da rage lokaci, a cikin tanderun iya ba kawai haifar da hadawan abu da iskar shaka yanayi, amma kuma zai iya haifar da rage yanayi, don haka yadda ya dace dephosphorization, desulfurization ne sosai high.Matsakaicin mitar lantarki tanderu nau'in nau'in so ne na mitar Hz 50 mai canza halin yanzu zuwa mitar tsaka-tsaki (sama da 300 Hz - 1000 Hz) na'urar samar da wutar lantarki, mitar wutar lantarki mai kashi uku (ac), bayan gyarawa zuwa na yanzu kai tsaye, sannan a aza daidaitawar matsakaicin mitar lantarki na yanzu, samar da kai tsaye ta hanyar iyawa da induction coil a cikin ta hanyar tsaka-tsaki mai sauyawa na yanzu, yana haifar da babban layin filin magnetic a cikin induction coil, induction coil, da yanke a cikin cheng fang na kayan ƙarfe, suna samar da eddy da yawa. halin yanzu a cikin kayan ƙarfe.Amfanin oxygen guda ɗaya har zuwa 42∽45 Nm3/t.

Bude aikin ƙera ƙarfe na murhu tare da albarkatun ƙasa: (1) ƙarfe da kayan ƙarfe kamar ƙarfe na alade ko narkakken ƙarfe, guntu;② oxidants kamar baƙin ƙarfe tama, masana'antu tsarki oxygen, wucin gadi arziki tama;③ slagging wakili kamar lemun tsami (ko farar ƙasa), fluorite, ettringite, da dai sauransu;④ deoxidizer da ƙari na gami.

Oxygen sakamako don samar da oxidizing yanayi, bude hearth smelting na cikin gida kone gas (tanderu gas) ya ƙunshi O2, CO2, H2O, da dai sauransu, a high zafin jiki, da karfi oxidizing gas zuwa narkakkar oxygen wadata har zuwa 0.2 ~ 0.4% na nauyi na da karfe awa daya, hadawan abu da iskar shaka na narkakkun pool, sabõda haka, slag ko da yaushe yana da wani babban hadawan abu da iskar shaka.

Tukwici: isar da iskar oxygen ta iskar tanderu kaɗai, saurin yana jinkirin, ƙara ƙarfe ƙarfe ko busa iskar oxygen na iya hanzarta aiwatar da amsawa.

Siffofin iskar oxygen da ake amfani da su a cikin masana'antar ƙarfe: sakin oxygen da daidaitawa kololuwa tare da iskar oxygen.

Yadda za a saduwa da bukatar oxygen na karfe niƙa?Gabaɗaya, ana ɗaukar hanyoyi masu zuwa don biyan buƙatun:

* Yana ɗaukar nauyi mai canzawa, babban matakin sarrafa kansa na ci gaba da sarrafawa, don rage sakin iskar oxygen, na iya zama nau'ikan haɗuwa da yawa.

* Ana amfani da ƙungiyoyi da yawa na tankunan da ke sarrafa kololuwa ta hanyar gargajiya don ƙara ƙarfin buffer, ta yadda jimlar adadin iskar oxygen da ake amfani da su a cikin wani ɗan lokaci ya tabbata, wanda zai iya rage yawan sakin iskar oxygen kuma ya rage girman. na na'urar

* A cikin ƙananan wuraren amfani da iskar oxygen, yawancin iskar oxygen ana fitar da su ta hanyar cire iskar oxygen ta ruwa;Lokacin da aka yi amfani da kololuwar iskar oxygen, ana rama adadin iskar oxygen ta hanyar vaporization.Lokacin da ikon yin famfo na waje na iskar oxygen ba'a iyakance shi da ƙarfin sanyaya ba, ana ɗaukar hanyar liquefaction na waje don shayar da iskar oxygen da aka saki kuma ana ɗaukar hanyar vaporization don vaporize ruwan oxygen ɗin.

* Dauki adadin injinan ƙarfe da aka haɗa da grid don isar da iskar gas, wanda ke sa jimlar isar da iskar oxygen ta tsaya daidai da mabanbantan lokutan amfani da iskar gas.

Tsarin daidaitawa na sashin raba iska

A cikin ci gaba da tsarin tsarin tashar oxygen yana buƙatar ƙarfin naúrar, tsabtar samfurin, ƙaddamar da matsa lamba, tsarin ƙarfafawa, tsarin tsaro, tsarin gabaɗaya, sarrafa amo don yin takaddun shaida na musamman.

Large karfe niƙa tare da oxygen, misali, da shekara-shekara fitarwa na 10 ton miliyan karfe fashewa tanderu tsari tare da oxygen cimma 150000 Nm3 / h, da shekara-shekara fitarwa na 3 miliyan ton na karfe smelting rage tanderun tsari tare da oxygen cimma 240000 Nm3 / h, samar da cikakken sa na balagagge sosai manyan iska rabuwa na'urorin yanzu a 6 ∽ 100000 grade, lokacin da zabar na'urar size ya kamata daga jimlar zuba jari a cikin kayan aiki da kuma aiki makamashi amfani, kiyaye kayayyakin gyara, maida hankali ne akan wani yanki na la'akari.

Oxygen lissafin don yin karfe a cikin injin karfe

Misali, murhu ɗaya yana da zagaye na 70min da lokacin amfani da iskar gas na 50min.Lokacin amfani da iskar gas shine 8000Nm3 / h, ana buƙatar samar da iskar gas (ci gaba) na sashin rabuwar iska ya zama 8000 × (50/60) ÷ (70/60) = 5715Nm3 / h.Sannan ana iya zaɓar 5800Nm3/h azaman na'urar rabuwar iska.

Babban ton na karfe tare da oxygen shine 42-45Nm3 / h (kowane ton), buƙatar duka lissafin, kuma wannan zai yi nasara.

A halin yanzu, karfin samar da karafa da karafa na kasar Sin ya zarce a sahun gaba a duniya, amma karafa na musamman, musamman ma wasu muhimman fannonin da suka shafi tattalin arzikin kasa da rayuwar jama'a, na dogara ne kan shigo da kayayyaki daga waje, don haka karfen cikin gida da Kamfanonin karafa karkashin jagorancin masana'antar ta Baowu Iron da Karfe har yanzu suna da jan aiki a gabansu, domin ci gaban ci gaba da nagartattun filayen na da matukar gaggawa.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, buƙatun samfuran keɓewar iska a cikin masana'antar ƙarfe ta ƙara haɓaka.Yawancin masu amfani suna buƙatar ba kawai oxygen ba, har ma da nitrogen mai tsabta da iskar argon, ko ma wasu iskar iskar da ba kasafai ba.A halin yanzu, Wuhan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Shougang da sauran manyan masana'antun karafa suna da nau'ikan na'urorin da aka fitar da su sosai.Samfurin iskar gas mai kyau na na'urorin rabuwar iska ba kawai zai iya biyan buƙatun samar da ƙasa ba, har ma ya kawo fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi.

Tare da babban sikelin ci gaban da karfe niƙa, maimakon goyon bayan iska rabuwa naúrar ne zuwa ga manyan-sikelin da kuma iska rabuwa masana'antu bayan shekaru da dama na ci gaba, cikin gida rabuwa kamfanonin ne ma tabbatacce cim tare da duniya manyan Enterprises, na gida kaya, wakilta. Kamfanin Hangyang Co da sauran masana'antar kera iska sun haɓaka maki 8-120000 na manyan kayan aikin raba iska, na'urar iskar gas ɗin da ba kasafai ba a cikin gida kuma ta sami nasarar gudanar da bincike da haɓakawa, na'urar lantarki ta Air China ta fara jinkiri kaɗan, amma kuma tana cikin haɓaka bincike da haɓakawa. cewa, tare da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha, masana'antar rarraba iskar gas a kasar Sin za ta tafi kasashen waje, zuwa duniya.